cat /etc/issue
lsb_release -a
cat /etc/redhat-release
oraclelinux查看版本
发表评论
作者归档：鸡鸡哥的聪明伶俐的儿子
修改asmsnmp账户密码
asmsnmp账户密码：
su – grid
sqlplus / as sysasm
alter user asmsnmp identified by oracle123;
commit;
oracle asm，关键字：dbca 11g select disk group is null
1、执行:
/usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks和/usr/sbin/oracleasm listdisks
查看执行结果, listdisk可以正常的将磁盘组可显示出来.
2、切换到 grid 用户下 ,查看ASM实例是否启动，并执行查询
sqlplus / as sysdba
select group_number,path,mount_status,state from v$asm_disk;
select group_number,offline_disks,state from v$asm_diskgroup;
查看磁盘以及磁盘组及其磁盘状态都正常（正常状态为mount）；
3、用户组判断
id oracle 和id grid
查看oracle用户是否在admdba组里面，我这里的问题是把oracle加入到asmadmin组，问题解决
usermod -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba,oper oracle
4、查看oracle用户和grid用户的$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle文件的权限
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle 该文件的默认权限为6751权限，有个s权限，如果s权限消失，这时通过OS认证将不能登录到数据库；
经过对问题的逐一排查，终于找到了问题的所在：
执行 chmod +s oracle 解决问题
(?i)正则表达式
Q:经常看见的正则前面的 (?i) (?s) (?m) (?is) (?im) 是什么意思？
A: 称为内联匹配模式，通常用内联匹配模式代替使用枚举值RegexOptions指定的全局匹配模式，写起来更简洁。
(?i) 表示所在位置右侧的表达式开启忽略大小写模式
(?s) 表示所在位置右侧的表达式开启单行模式。
更改句点字符 (.) 的含义，以使它与每个字符（而不是除 \n 之外的所有字符）匹配。
注意：(?s)通常在匹配有换行的文本时使用
(?m) 表示所在位置右侧的表示式开启指定多行模式。
更改 ^ 和 $ 的含义，以使它们分别与任何行的开头和结尾匹配，
而不只是与整个字符串的开头和结尾匹配。
注意：(?m)只有在正则表达式中涉及到多行的“^”和“$”的匹配时，才使用Multiline模式。
上面的匹配模式可以组合使用，比如(?is),(?im)。
另外，还可以用(?i:exp)或者(?i)exp(?-i)来指定匹配的有效范围。
附：
.表示除\n之外的任意字符
*表示匹配0-无穷
+表示匹配1-无穷
多行模式参考实例：点击打开链接
ssh fingerprint 的确认，StrictHostKeyChecking
方式一：在命令行中添加 -o “StrictHostKeyChecking no”
执行ssh或scp命令时，系统就会自动把远程主机的rsa key加入到.ssh/known_hosts文件中。
ssh -o “StrictHostKeyChecking no” root@host
StrictHostKeyChecking no|ask|yes:
StrictHostKeyChecking代码了远程主机的host key确认方式。有如下几种设置。
no代表不做任何确认，直接通过验证，把rsa加入到.ssh/known_hosts。
ask为默认值，需要用户手动确认是否通过验证，是否把远程主机加入到.ssh/known_hosts中。
yes为最高安全级别，如果本地没有相应的rsa key则会直接拒绝连接，并出给提示。
mysql的any_value函数
SELECT ANY_VALUE(ID),USER_ID,ANY_VALUE(problems),ANY_VALUE(last_updated_date) FROM t_iov_help_feedback GROUP BY USER_ID;
MySQL有any_value(field)函数，它主要的作用就是抑制ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY值被拒绝。
这样sql语句不管是在ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY模式关闭状态还是在开启模式都可以正常执行，不被mysql拒绝。
any_value()会选择被分到同一组的数据里第一条数据的指定列值作为返回数据。
解决：
select count(*) c,truename from creative_baoming where cid=33 group by userid order by c desc
> 1055 – Expression #2 of SELECT list is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column ‘baoming_cc.creative_baoming.truename’ which is not functionally dependent on columns in GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by
> 时间: 0.021s
10ge，bmc
10GE（10 Gigabit Ethernet）十千兆以太网
10GE通常也指10GE-LAN口，速率大于10GE-WAN的速率
bmc-baseboard manage control
联想DS4200硬盘灯
oracle的kmod-oracleasm，oracleasm-support，oracleasmlib的rpm包
kmod-oracleasm—–centos或rh提供
oracleasm-support和oracleasmlib是oracle官方提供
kmod-oracleasm的rpm通过rpm -qpR kmod-oracleasm…….rpm查看kernel的版本要求
asmlib下载地址：
https://www.oracle.com/linux/downloads/linux-asmlib-rhel6-downloads.html
追加一篇文章：
https://www.thegeekdiary.com/where-to-find-asmlib-oracleasm-rpms-for-centos-rhel-suse-oel
oracle asm 缩写
ASM Automated Storage Management 自动存储管理
ASM 是 Oracle 数据库 10g 中一个非常出色的新特性，它以平台无关的方式提供了文件系统、逻辑卷管理器以及软件 RAID（磁盘阵列） 等服务。ASM 可以条带化和镜像磁盘，从而实现了在数据库被加载的情况下添加或移除磁盘以及自动平衡 I/O 以删除“热点”。它还支持直接和异步的 I/O 并使用 Oracle9i 中引入的 Oracle 数据管理器 API（简化的 I/O 系统调用接口）。
RAC 缩写 real application cluses 实时应用集群
RAC是real application clusters的缩写，译为“实时应用集群”， 是Oracle新版数据库中采用的一项新技术，是高可用性的一种，也是Oracle数据库支持网格计算环境的核心技术。
CRS Oracle Cluster Ready Service(Oracle集群就绪服务),简称CRS
在10g和11.1，Oracle的集群称为CRS(Oracle Cluster Ready Service)， 在11.2，Oracle的集群称为GI (Grid Infrastructure)。 对于CRS/GI，他们的一些核心进程的功能基本类似，但是在11.2，新增了很多新的Deamon进程。
从Oracle 10gR1 RAC 开始，Oracle推出了自身的集群软件，这个软件的名称叫做Oracle Cluster Ready Service(Oracle集群就绪服务),简称CRS。从Oracle 10gR2开始,包括最新的11g，Oracle将其更名为Clusterware(集群件)，但通常意义上我们认为CRS = Clusterware = Oracle Cluster Ready Service = Oracle Cluster Software.
CRS一般用来搭建Oracle的并行数据库，即RAC，但除了与RAC的接口之外，CRS还提供了一组高可用性的应用程序接口(API)，用来搭建一般应用程序的高可用集群，即一般我们常说的双机热备，比如使用CRS实现MySQL的双机热备。
OCR Oracle cluster register Oracle Configuration Repository
CVU Cluster Verification Utility
在安装RAC的过程中，如果没有安装cvuqdisk包，那么集群检验工具（Cluster Verification Utility，CVU）就不能发现共享磁盘。而且，如果没有安装该包或者安装的版本不对的话，那么当运行集群检验工具的时候就会报“PRVF-10037 : Failed to retrieve storage type for “” on node “””或“Could not get the type of storage”或“PRVF-07017: Package cvuqdisk not installed”的错误。cvuqdisk的RPM包含在Oracle Grid Infrastructure安装介质上的rpm目录中。以root用户在RAC的2个节点上都进行安装
ACD = Active Change Directory
ACFS = ASM Cluster File System
ADDM = Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor
ADR = Automatic Diagnostic Repository
ADVM = ASM Dynamic Volume Manager
AIO = Asynchronous I/O
AMDU = ASM Metadata Dump Utility
AMM = Automatic Memory Management
ARC = Archive process
ASH = Active Session History
ASM = Automatic Storage Management
ASMB = ASM Background process
ASMCA = ASM Configuration Assistant
ASMCMD = ASM CoMmanD line utility
ASMLIB = ASM LIBrary tool
ASMM = Automatic Shared Memory Management
ASMSNMP = ASM Simple Network Management Protocol
AT = Allocation Table
ATA = Advanced Technology Attachment
AU = Allocation Unit
AWR = Automatic Workload Repository
BH = Block Header
BMC = Baseboard Management Controller
BS = Block Size
CBO = Cost-Based Optimizer
CF = Control File
CFS = Cluster FileSystem
CHM = Cluster Health Monitor
CIO = Concurrent I/O
CKPT = ChecKPoinT process
CLUVFY = CLUster VeriFy utility
COD = Continuing Operation Directory
CPU = Central Processing Unit or Critical Patch Update
CRM = Customer Relationship Management
CRS = Cluster Ready Services
CSS = Cluster Synchronization Services
CSV = Comma-Separated Values
CVM = Cluster Volume Manager
DB = DataBase
DBCA = DataBase Configuration Assistant
DBFS = DataBase File System
DBM = DataBase Machine
DBMS = DataBase Management Systems
DBPERF = DataBase PERFormance
DBV = DataBase Verification tool
DBW = DataBase Writer process
DD = Disk Directory or Data Description tool
DES = Database Excelleration Systems Inc.
DG = DiskGroup
DH = Disk Header
DIO = Direct I/O
DISM = Dynamic Intimate Shared Memory
DM = Device Mapper
DNFS = Direct Network File System
DRAM = Dynamic Random Access Memory
DSS = Decision Support System
DUL = Data UnLoader
DW = Data Warehouse
EIDE = Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics
ERP = Enterprise Resource Planning
ETA = Estimated Time of Arrival
ETL = Extract Transform Load
FD = File Directory
FG = FailGroup
FRA = Flash Recovery Area or Fast Recovery Area
FS = FileSystem
FST = Free Segments Table
FTS = Full Table Scan
GC = Grid Control
GI = Grid Infrastructure
GUI = Graphical User Interface
HA = High Availability
HARD = Hardware Assisted Resilient Data
HB = Heart Beat
HBA = Host Bus Adapter
IDE = Integrated Drive Electronics
IIS = Internet Information Services
INST = INSTance
IO = Input/Output
IOPS = IO Per Second
IOT = Index Organized Table
IP = Internet Protocol
IPMI = Intelligent Platform Management Interface
JET = Joint Escalation Team
JFS = Journaled FileSystem
KB = KiloByte
KFED = Kernel Files metadata EDitor
KFOD = Kernel Files Osm disk[group] Discovery
LGWR = redo LoG WRiter process
LLT = Veritas Low Latency Transport protocol
LSNR = LiSteNeR
LUN = Logical Unit Number
LVM = Logical Volume Manager
MAA = Maximum Availability Architecture
MB = MegaByte
NAS = Network Attached Storage
NetApp = Network Appliance
NETCA = NETwork Configuration Assistant
NFS = Network FileSystem
NIC = Network Interface Controller
OCFS = Oracle Cluster FileSystem
OCR = Oracle Cluster Registry
ODM = Oracle Disk Manager
ODS = Operational Data Store
OEL = Oracle Enterprise Linux
OEM = Oracle Enterprise Manager
OID = Oracle Internet Directory
OLAP = OnLine Analytical Processing
OLTP = OnLine Transaction Processing
OMS = Oracle Management Service
OPATCH = Oracle PATCHing utility
OS = Operating System
OSCP = Oracle Storage Compatibility Program
OSW = OS Watcher
OSWFW = OS Watcher For Windows
OTN = Oracle Technology Network
OUI = Oracle Universal Installer
PB = PetaByte
PFILE = Parameter FILE
PGA = Program Global Area
PID = Proces ID
PL/SQL = Procedural Language/Structured Query Language
POC = Proof Of Concept
PROCWATCHER = PROCess WATCHER
PST = Partnership Status Table
PSU = Patch Set Update
PX = Parrallel eXecution
RAC = Real Application Cluster
RAID = Redundant Array of Independent Disks
RAM = Random Access Memory
RBAL = ReBALance process
RCA = Root Cause Analysis
RDA = Remote Diagnostic Agent
RDBMS = Relational DataBase Management System
RHEL = RedHat Enterprise Linux
RM = Resource Manager
RMAN = Recovery MANager
RPM = Resource Package Manager
SAN = Storage Area Network
SAS = Serial Attached SCSI
SATA = Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
SCAN = Single Client Access Name
SCSI = Small Computer System Interface
SGA = System Global Area
SLA = Service Level Agreement
SMF = Service Management Facility
SPFILE = Server Parameter FILE
SQL = Structured Query Language
SRDF = EMC Symmetrix Remote Data Facility
SSD = Solid State Disk
SVCTM = average SerViCe TiMe
SVM = Solaris Volume Manager
TB = TeraByte
TCP = Transmission Control Protocol
TDE = Transparent Data Encryption
TKPROF = Transient Kernel PROFile
TNS = Transparent Network Substrate
UDEV = Unix DEVice manager
UDP = User Datagram Protocol
UFG = Umbilicus ForeGround process
UFS = User FileSystem
VBG = Volume BackGround process
VCS = Veritas Cluster Server
VD = Voting Disk
VDBG = Volume Driver BackGround process
VIP = Virtual Internet Portocol
VLDB = Very Large DataBase
VM = Virtual Machine
VMB = Volume Membership BackGround process
VxFS = Veritas File System
VxVM = Veritas Volume Manager
XDB = XML DataBase